Tool means



TOOL MEANS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. D. EADES ETAL March 22, 1966 Filed June10, 19s

INVENTORs JAMES D. EADES BY WALTER L. GROVES ATTORNEY my? I I March 22,1966 J. D. EADES ETAL TOOL MEANS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 10, 1963FIG. 7

8 INVENTORS JAMES D. EADES BY WALTER L. GROVES ATTORN EY United StatesPatent 3,241,403 TOOL MEANS James D. Eades, 5228 E. Pine, and Walter L.Groves, 357 N. Westfield, both of Wichita, Kans. Filed June 10, 1963,Ser. No. 286,818 8 Claims. (CI. 77-58) This invention relates tocutting, more particularly this invention relates to cutting tools andapparatus combinations including cutting tools, and pertains moreparticularly to tools and apparatus for use on metal and other materialsfor internal cutting and/or undercutting which can be conveniently andeasily adjusted to cut various shapes and sizes of cuts. Still morespecifically, this invention relates to a rotary tool having a slidablebit holder and a means to accurately and automatically correlate themovement of the bit holder as the tool is rotated relative to the Work.

In industry, there is a constant need for internal cutting andundercutting of metals and other materials. A specific exampleillustrating this need is a self-aligning bearing mount wherein abearing element having a truncated spherical exterior surface on itsouter race is seated in a mounting block or mountnig ring having anaperture receiving the bearing element provided with a complementaryinternal truncated spherical surface. A bearing so mounted is free topivot, relative to the bearing block or ring, a limited amountsuflicient to align itself with a shaft received in the bearing. Thistype of mounting is very desirable since it saves the relatively highcost of aligning perfectly the bearing mounts for a shaft, and is alsosufiiciently flexible to allow subsequently automatic aligning of thesupporting bearings in the event of a shifting or distortion of portionsof the apparatus having the bearing mounts mounted thereon. In additionto this one example, there are many other instances where it isdesirable to make .an internal cut and/or undercut in an existingaperture in work.

Accurate internal cutting and undercutting of materials is ordinarilyquite an expensive operation. An operation involving an undercut isoften produced on a lathe provided with a shaped cutting tool having thedesired profile shape of the out which is moved radially against thework as it is rotated. This method is expensive and has manydisadvantages and limitations. If the work is done accurately, it mustnecessarily be performed by a skilled machinist. The operation is slowand tedious necessitating precise and time consuming feed and workmounting operations and is not well adapted to production line methods.The equipment used to make a cut is also quite expensive. The shapingtool referred to hereinbefore is expensive to make and cannot beadjusted for other variations of shapes. Further, this method of cuttingis not practical, if the work is very large, since it must be mounted ona turntable or the like. Another more recent method of producingundercuts in work is through the use of a lathe provided with a tracingapparatus. This method is in general quite expensive and involvesmounting the work. The equipment used for this purpose is also veryexpensive. A tracer lathe costs from $7,000 to $25,000 depending onsize, etc. In short, there is a pressing need for a simple convenientand inexpensive cutting tool apparatus embodying same for producingaccurate undercuts which is adaptable to frequent modification and sizechanges. The

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apparatus used and known to the prior art before the disclosure of ournew drill bit or boring bar and a combination apparatus have not beensatisfactory to fulfill this pressing need.

Our invention is a rotary cutting tool having a body, a bit holderslidably mounted in the body and a cutting edge carried on the bitborder. Also, provided is a mechanism that will accurately andpositively correlate the movement of the bit holder relative to the bodywith the relative position of the body to the material being workedupon. Preferably, the body has a transverse bore with the bit holderslidably mounted therein. The mechanism used to correlate the movementof the bit holder is desirably a spring loaded plunger provided with acam follower engaging a cam means mounted on the bit holder.

The apparatus combination for internal cutting of our invention has awork support, a tool support, a means to rotate and longitudinally movethe tool support relative to the work support, and a cutting toolmounted on the tool support. The cutting tool has a body, a bit holderslidably mounted on the body, a cutting edge carried on the -bit holder,and a mechanism which will positively and accurately correlate themovement of the bit holder relative to the body with the relativeposition of the body to the material being worked upon. Preferably, theapparatus combination includes an abutment means on the work supportconsisting of a bearing having an inner roll. The correlating mechanismis preferably a longitudinally slidable spring loaded plunger having acam follower engaging a cam mounted on the bit holder. Movement of theplunger relative to the body causes movement of the bit holder.

The apparatus and cutting bit of our invention solves all of theproblems relating to internal cutting and/or undercutting of materials,and in particular metals, known to the prior art. The apparatuscombination for internal cutting and the cutting tool of our inventioncan be operated by relatively unskilled persons. Work can be produced bysuch persons having very close tolerances. Tolerances of i of aninch arereadily obtainable. The cutting bit can be adjusted simply and quicklyto very close tolerances while it is mounted and assembled on theapparatus. There is no necessity for completely disassembling thecutting tool to make either a minute or a major adjustment in theposition of the cutting bit relative to the cutting tool. Further theprofile shape of the cut in the work can be readily changed by simplyand quickly replacing the cam element. The apparatus and drill 'bit ofour invention is relatively inexpensive. The cutting bit can be usedwith any suitable type of conventional machine apparatus having a meansto mount the tool and rotate either the tool or the work. After the workis finished the machine can be converted to other operations by simplyremoving the cutting bit. The cutting tool is relatively inexpensive andcan be used to produce a variety of types of cuts having differentprofiles by using different shaped cam elements. These cam elements foruse in our cutting bit of our invention can be easily, quickly andinexpensively produced having close tolerances. The aforementionedfeatures make the apparatus and cutting tool of our invention readlyadaptable to mass production techniques.

The apparatus and cutting tool of our invention solves the problemsassociated with internal cutting and undercutting known to the prior artby eliminating the need of a skilled operator to operate the apparatusproducing the cut. It also materially reduces the cost of the machineand tools necessary to produce this type of work. In addition,changeovers from one type of internal cut to another are greatlysimplified by the design and structure of our cutting tool. Adjustmentsto the cutting tool proper of our invention are very simple and can beexecuted by relatively unskilled personnel.

It is an object of this invention to provide a new apparatus combinationfor working materials, work such as machining and cutting.

It is another object of this invention to provide a cut ting tooladapted for working materials, work such as ma chining and cutting.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a relativelyinexpensive apparatus combination that can be used to produce accurateinternal cuts and undercuts that can be operated by relatively unskilledpersonnel.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a cutting tool forundercutting and internal cutting that can be used by relativelyunskilled personnel.

Another object of this invention is to provide a cutting tool that canbe easily and simply adjusted without disassembling same.

Another object of this invention is to provide a cutting tool which canbe used to produce cuts, etc., having different profiles.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a cutting tooladapted for internal cutting and undercutting which can be changed toautomatically produce different cuts having different profiles by merelychanging a cam element.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide an apparatuscombination and/or cutting tool that is particularly adapted for massproduction techniques.

Another object of this invention is to provide a new cutting tool thatwill automatically produce with very great accuracy internal cuts and/rundercuts in materials.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a cutting toolwherein the cutting bit can be quickly and easily removed and replacedand/or adjusted without disassembling the cutting tool.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art from the disclosure set forth herein.

Drawings of preferred specific embodiments of the invention accompanyand are a part hereof, and such are to be understood to not unduly limitthe scope of the invention. In the drawings,

FIG. 1 is a front elevational view in cross section of the new cuttingtool of our invention.

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 33 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 55 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 66 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a front elevational view illustrating an embodiment of theapparatus combination for internal and/or undercutting of our invention.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view in cross section illustrating the cuttingtool and its relation to work being operated on, secured to a worksupport.

The following is a discussion and description of the new apparatuscombination and cutting tool sub-combination of our invention made withreference to the drawings, whereon the same reference numerals are usedto indicate the same or similar parts and/0r structure. The discussionand description are of preferred specific embodiments of the newapparatus combination and cutting tool sub-combination of our invention,and it is to be understood that such is not to unduly limit the scope ofour invention.

Referring now to the drawings FIGS. 1-8 and FIGS. 1-6 in particular,cutting tool 10, a preferred specific embodiment of o r invention isillustrated. Cutting tool 10 is a rotary metal cutting tool for cuttingan internal cut or undercut on the surface of an aperture or the like.Cutting tool It has an elongated body having a shank portion 12 on thefirst upper end. The shank 12 is shown provided with a fiat surface 14machined in the cylindrical portion thereof and is adapted to be engagedby a set screw or the like associated with a conventional tool holdingmeans. The tool shank 12 can be altered in shape to fit any type toolsecuring means. For example, it can be given a tapered shape as is wellknown in the art. The body 11 has an enlarged cylindrical intermediateportion 16 and a reduced cylindrical guide portion 18 on the lower endopposite the shank 12. The intermediate portion of the cutting tool canbe given any suitable shape. In the preferred specific embodimentillustrated in the drawings, the intermediate portion 16 has an upperportion which is slightly enarged. The body 11 of the drill cutting toolcan be made of any suitable type of material. Preferably, the body 11 ismade of an alloy steel, for example number 4130 or 4340. Alongitudinally extending first groove 20 having a semi-circulartransverse cross section is disposed in the guide portion 18 extendingthe entire distance thereof. A first longitudinally extending circularbore 22 is disposed in the intermediate portion 16 and is aligned withgroove 20 in the guide portion 18. The groove 20 and bore 22 have thesame radius of curvature. If desired, the groove and bore can be givenany other suitable type of configuration. A relatively largetransversely extending second bore 24 is provided in the intermediateportion 16 and positioned so that its axis intersects the axis of bore22. A cylindrical shaped bit holder 26 is slidably disposed in bore 24.The bore 24 and bit holder 26 can be given any suitable cross sectionalshape as for example, square, hexagonal, etc.

The cylindrically shaped bit holder 26 is provided with curved endsurfaces that have the same radius of curvature as the radius ofcurvature of the cylindrical surface of intermediate portion 16. Whenthe bit holder 26 is dis posed in the body 11, its end surfaces arecomplementary to the exterior surface of intermediate portion 16. Asshown in FIG. 4, bit holder 26 is provided with a first transverseaperture 28 which aperture has an elongated or oblong cross section. Theaperture 28 is positioned adjacent a first end 29 of bit holder 26. Whenthe bit holder is in position in the intermediate portion 16 of thecutting tool, aperture 28 communicates or is in line with bore 22. As isshown in FIG. 4, aperture 28 communicates with bore 22 when bit holder26 is moved back or forth. A second small longitudinally extendinggroove 30 is disposed parallel to aperture 28 in hit holder 26. A carnmeans 32 is mounted in second groove 30 and consists of a fiat elementhaving a thickness equal to the thickness of groove 30 and having anarcuate shaped camming surface 34 which is identical to the profile orcross sectional shape of the spherical shape to be cut in the work. Thecam element 32 can be given nay suitable shape which shape determinesthe type and profile of the cut produced in the work. Cam element 32 canbe made of any suitable type of material, and is preferably formed ofhigh speed steel. Two spaced transverse holes are provided in the bitholder 26 which extend through groove 30. Two roll pins, or dowel pins36, are frictionally engaged in the aforementioned spaced holes andextend through the cam means 32 to secure same in secured relationshipto the bit holder 26. The cam means can be removed from the bit holderby merely removing the dowel pins 36 from the holes thus releasing same.The longitudinally extending central aperture 33 is provided in thesecond opposite end 40 of bit holder 26. A tool bit 42 having an endcutting edge 44 is disposed in aperture 38 and protrudes from same. Atransverse threaded aperture 46 intersects the central aperture 38. Boltmeans 48 is threadedly engaged in aperture 46 to adjustably andreleasably secure the tool bit 42 in operative position in bit holder26. An access aperture 50 is provided in the intermediate portion 16that is aligned with the last rnentioned threaded aperture 46. Accessaperture 50 allows a suitable tool to be inserted therethrough to engagebolt 48 to release or adjust the position of cutting bit 42 while thecutting tool is in assembled position.

A means is provided to longitudinally adjust the position of the cuttingbit 42 in the bit holder 26. This means is clearly shown in FIG. 4 andconsists of a diagonal extending aperture 52 which intersects the axisof central aperture 38, a pin means 54 disposed in the diagonal aperture52 which contacts with one end and end of the cutting bit 42, and alongitudinally extending threaded aperture 56 intersecting the diagonalaperture 52. A bolt means 58 is threadedly engaged in the threadedaperture 56 and contacts the opposite end of the pin means 54 inposition in the diagonal aperture. By turning bolt 58, it is therebypossible to move cutting bit 42 relative to cutting bit 26. Movement ofbolt 58 contacts and moves pin 54 which in turn urges cutting bit 42.

A spring loaded retaining means is provided for urging the bit holder 26in a retracted position relative to the cutting bit. The retaining meansconsists of a closed end longitudinally extending third groove 60 in theouter surface of bit holder 26, a helical spring 62 disposed in thegroove 60 and slidable abutment means 64 positioned at one end of spring62. A transverse threaded aperture 66 is provided in the intermediateportion 16 which intersects the second bore 24. A bolt means 68threadedly engaged in aperture 66, having a portion 69 extending betweenabutment means 64 and the end of groove 60, thus secures the bit holder26 within the second bore. The spring 62 acts to constantly urge the bitholder in a retracted position relative to the cutting tool. Thisposition is clearly shown in FIG. 4 of the drawings.

A camming plunger 70 is slidably disposed in first groove in the guideportion 18 and first bore 22 in the intermediate portion 16 and extendsthrough the first transverse aperture 28 in hit holder 26. Thisrelationship is shown in FIG. 1. The camming plunger 70 has alongitudinally extending fourth groove 72 provided therein which isadapted to slidably receive the cam means of bit holder 26. A pointedcam follower means 74 is provided in fourth groove 72 and adapted tooperatively engage the arcuate surface 34 of cam means 32. The camfollower is preferably made of a very hard material, most preferablyhardened steel. In the embodiment illustrated it is a transverse pin,inserted through apertures spaced from the bottom of the groove 72. Abacking means is preferably provided for the cam follower pin consistingof material 75 disposed back of and supporting pin 72. The groove isdeeper on each side of the cam follower to receive the cam 32, as shownin FIG. 1. It can be seen that reciprocation of camming plunger 70within the groove and bore mentioned hereinbefore causes transversesliding movement of the bit holder 26 when cam follower means 74 engagesthe camming surface 34 of cam 32. If the profile of the .cut produced bycutting bit 42 is desired to be arcuate in form, a cam having an arcuatecamming surface must be provided. It can be seen that any type profileout can be produced by merely interchanging cam 32 for a suitable shapedcam. A locking means for said camming plunger 70 is provided. A lockingmeans is desirable in order to lock the cutting bit 42 in a retractedposition when the tool bit is taken or removed from the aperture. Thisprevents breaking or chipping of the cutting edge and possiblescratching of the work. The locking means for the camming plungerconsists of a transverse aperture 76 in the camming plunger adjacent theend thereof and an aperture 78 in the intermediate body portion 16intersecting the first bore 22 in a line with the last-mentionedtransverse aperture 76 when said camming plunger is in a depressedposition. A second helical spring means 80 is disposed in first bore 22positioned longitudinally of the camming plunger 70 which urges itoutwardly into an extended position. An

oil hole 82 is provided to facilitate lubricating the plunger 70 and itsassociated adjacent elements. Plunger 70 is provided with a means tovary the length between the lower abuting end surface and the camfollower 74. The means consist of a threaded portion 83 on the lowerportion of rod 70, an internally threaded tip element 84, and anexteriorly thread locking plug 85. In use the plug 85 is loosened, tip84 adjusted to the desired position, and

the plug retightened.

A longitudinally extending chip receiving groove is provided in theintermediate portion 16 of cutting bit 10 and also on the second endface 40 of bit holder 26. The chip receiving groove 90 aids in theorderly removal of the metal removed from the work by the cutting bit42. The cutting tool 10 is adapted when rotated relative to a work piecehaving an aperture and an abutment race to cut a truncated sphericalsurface on the inside surface of the aperture.

In FIG. 7 is shown a specific embodiment of my apparatus combination100. The apparatus combination is a vertical milling machine or drillpress having a work support 102, a tool support 104, and a means 106 torotate and longitudinally move the work support relative to the toolsupport. As shown in FIG. 8, an abutment surface 108 is provided on theWork support 102. The abutment surface 108 is provided by bearingelement 107 having an outer race 110 securely fixed to the work support102 and an inner race 112 aligned with the tool support 104. The innerrace 112 serves as an abutment means for the camming plunger 70 and alsohas a guiding element to receive and guide the guide portion 18 of thecutting tool 10. The cutting tool 10 is shown mounted in the toolsupport 104 and is of the construction described hereinbefore. Thespecific embodiment of the work support shown in FIG. 8 includes aspacing plate 114 secured to the table with bolts 116. Two of the boltsare stub bolts 118 without a head element. This arrangement facilitatesthe removal of the spacing element 114 since only two of the four boltsmust be removed in order to disassemble same. The work 120 having anaperture 122 is shown mounted on spacing plate 114. As illustrated in'FIG. 8, the cutting tool 10 has completed approximately one-half of thecut required to form a truncated spherical surface in the Work 120. Asillustrated, the cam follower 74 contacts the surface 34 of cam 32 inapproximately the center thereof, the drill press is shown provided witha work support 102 having a plurality of locations where work elementscan be accurately located and subsequently moved to a position under andaligned with the tool support 104. A suitable carriage 125 provides themeans to change position.

In operation, the cutting tool 10 is rotated and moved longitudinallythrough an aperture 122 of work 120. As the cutting tool 10 reaches apoint where the lower end 84 of camming plunger 70 contacts the abutmentsurface 108, the cam abutment follower 74 and cam surface 34 cooperateto urge the cutting tool 42 into the work 120. It can be seen that theprofile of the cut produced in the Work can be varied by merely changingthe camming surface 34 on cam 32. When the cutting element has proceededcompletely through the work 120, the plunger 70 is completely depressed.In this position, aperture 78 is aligned with aperture 76. Any suitabletool can be inserted into the aligned apertures to thus hold the plunger70 in a retracted depressed position which in turn maintains the cuttingtool in a retracted position which can then be conveniently removed fromthe work without scratching the work or breaking or chipping the cuttingedge.

While I have described and illustrated preferred specific embodiments ofour invention, it is to be understood that the apparatus combination andcutting tool disclosed can be made in other forms than herein describedor suggested without departing from the spirit of our invention.

We claim:

1. A rotary metal cutting tool for cutting an internal truncatedspherical surface comprising, an elongated body having a shank portionon a first end, an enlarged cylindrical intermediate portion, and aredudced cylindrical guide portion on the opposite second end, alongitudinally extending first groove having a semi-circular transversecross section disposed in said guide portion extending the entiredistance thereof, a first longitudinally extending circular bore in saidintermediate portion aligned with said first groove in said guideportion, a relatively large transversely extending second bore in saidintermediate portion positioned so that its axis intersects the axis ofsaid first bore, a cylindrically shaped bit holder slidably disposed insaid second bore, a first transverse aperture having an elongated crosssection in said bit holder adjacent a first end portion thereof, saidfirst aperture communicating with said first bore when said bit holderis in operative position, a second small longitudinally extending groovein said first transverse aperture, a cam means mounted in said secondgroove, said cam means comprised of a flat element having a thicknessequal to the thickness of said second groove and having an arcuateshaped camming surface identical to the profile of the spherical shapeto be cut protruding from said second groove, pin means passing throughsaid cam means and into said bit holder removably securing said cammeans, a longitudinally extending central aperture in the secondopposite end of said bit holder, a tool bit having an end cutting edgedisposed in said central aperture and protruding from same, a transversethreaded aperture intersecting said central aperture, a bolt means insaid lastmentioned threaded aperture for adjustably and releasablysecuring said tool bit in operative position, a means to longitudinallyadjust the position of said cutting bit in said bit holder, a springloaded retracting means for said bit holder comprising, a closed endlongitudinally extending third groove in the outer surface of said bitholder, a helical spring longitudinally disposed in said third groove, aslidable abutment means in said third groove positioned at one end ofsaid spring, a transverse threaded aperture in said intermediate portionintersecting said second bore, and a bolt means threadedly engaged insaid last-mentioned threaded aperture having a protruding portionextending between said abutment means and the end of said third grooveto releasably secure said bit holder within said second bore, a cammingplunger slid ably disposed in said first groove in said guide portionand said first bore in said intermediate portion and extending throughsaid first transverse aperture in said bit holder, a longitudinallyextending fourth groove in said camming plunger adapted to slidablyreceive said cam means on said bit holder, a pointed transverse camfollower means in said fourth groove adapted to operatively engage thearcuate surface of said cam means, a locking means for said cammingplunger in a depressed position, a second helical spring means in saidfirst bore positioned longitudinally of said camming plunger urging sameoutwardly in an extended position, said cutting tool adapted whenrotated and moved longitudinally relative to a work piece having anaperture, and an abutment race, to cut a truncated spherical surface onthe inside surface of the aperture thereof.

2. A rotary cutting tool for internal cutting comprising, an elongatedbody having a shank portion, an enlarged cylindrical intermediateportion, and a reduced cylindrical guide portion, a longitudinallyextending first groove disposed in said guide portion extending theentire distance thereof, a first longitudinally extending bore in saidintermediate portion aligned with said first groove in said guideportion, a relatively large transversely extending second bore in saidintermediate portion intersecting the axis of said first bore, a bitholder slidably disposed in said second bore, a first transverseaperture having an elongated cross section in said bit holder adjacent afirst end thereof, said first aperture communicating with said firstbore when said bit holder is in operative position, a

second small longitudinally extending groove in said first transverseaperture, a cam means removably mounted in said second groove, said cammeans having a camming surface identical to the profile of the desiredshape of the cut to be produced protruding from said second groove, alongitudinally extending central aperture in the second opposite end ofsaid bit holder, a tool bit having a cutting edge removably mounted insaid central aperture and protruding from same, a means tolongitudinally adjust the position of said cutting bit in said bitholder, a spring loaded retracting means for said bit holder comprising,a closed end longitudinally extending third groove in the bit holder,spring means disposed in said third groove, protrusion means on saidintermediate portion abutting an end of said spring means in said thirdgroove to thereby secure said bit holder within said second bore, acamming plunger slidably disposed in said first groove in said guideportion and said first bore in said intermediate portion and extendingthrough said first transverse aperture in said bit holder, alongitudinally extending fourth groove disposed in said camming plungerand adapted to slidably receive said cam means on said bit holder, a camfollower means in said fourth groove adapted to operatively engage thecam means, a locking means for said camming plunger in a depressedposition, spring means in said first bore for urging said cammingplunger outwardly in an extended position, said cutting tool adaptedwhen rotated and moved longitudinally relative to work having anaperture, and relative to an abutment race, to produce an internal cuton the inside surface of said aperture thereof.

3. A cutting tool for internal cutting comprising, an elongated bodyhaving an intermediate portion, and a reduced cylindrical guide portion,a first longitudinally ex tending bore in said intermediate portion, arelatively large transversely extending second bore in said intermediateportion positioned so that its axis intersects the axis of said firstbore, a bit holder slidably disposed in said second bore, a firsttransverse aperture in said bit holder, said first aperturecommunicating with said first bore when said bit holder is in operativeposition, a cam means mounted within said first transverse aperture insaid bit holder, said cam means comprised of a fiat element having acamming surface corresponding to the profile of the desired cut to beproduced, a tool bit having a cutting edge mounted on said bit holder,means to adjustably and releasably secure said tool bit on said bitholder, a means to longitudinally adjust the position of the cutting bitrelative to said bit holder while said bit holder is in assembledposition in said second bore, a spring loaded securing and retractingmeans for said bit holder, a camming plunger slidably disposed in saidfirst bore in said intermediate portion and extending through said firsttransverse aperture in said bit holder, a longitudinally extendingfourth groove in said camming plunger adapted to slidably receive saidcam means on said bit holder, a cam follower means in said fourth grooveadapted to operatively engage the cam surface of said cam means, a meansto lock said cam plunger in retracted position, a spring means forurging said plunger in extended position, said cutting tool adapted whenrotated relative to the work to make an accurate internal cut, the shapeof said cut being controlled by the shape of the camming meanspositioned in said bit holder.

4. A rotary cutting tool for internal cutting comprising, a body, anenlarged intermediate portion on said body, a reduced guide portion onsaid body, a first longitudinally extending bore in said intermediateportion, a transversely extending second bore in said intermediateportion positioned so that its axis intersects the axis of said firstbore, a bit holder slidably disposed in said second bore, a transverseaperture in said bit holder, said last-mentioned aperture communicatingwith said first bore when said bit holder is in operative positionwithin said second bore, a cam means having a camming surface securedwithin said transverse aperture in said bit holder, a tool bit having acutting edge mounted on said bit holder, a means for adjustably andreleasably securing said tool bit to said bit holder, a means foradjusting said bit holder relative to said intermediate portion, acamming plunger slidably disposed in said first bore in saidintermediate portion and extending through said transverse aperture insaid bit holder, a cam follower means on said camming plunger adapted tooperatively engage the camming surface of said cam means, said cuttingtool adapted to make an internal cut.

5. An apparatus combination for undercutting, comprising, a drill press,said drill press having a rotatable and longitudinally movable spindle,tool attachment means on said spindle, a work support means arrangedopposite and in spaced relation to said spindle, a bearing means havingan internal race mounted on said work support and aligned with saidspindle, a work securing means on said work support, a cutting toolsecured to said spindle comprising, an elongated body having a shankportion, an enlarged cylindrical intermediate portion, and a reducedcylindrical guide portion, a longitudinally extending first groovedisposed in said guide portion extending the entire distance thereof, afirst longitudinally extending bore in said intermediate portion alignedwith said first groove in said guide portion, a relatively largetransversely extending second bore in said intermediate portionintersecting the axis of said first bore, a bit holder slidably disposedin said second bore, a first transverse aperture having an elongatedcross section in said bit holder adjacent a first end thereof, saidfirst aperture communieating with said first bore when said bit holderis in operative position, a second longitudinally extending groove insaid first transverse aperture, a cam means removably mounted in saidsecond groove, said cam means having a camming surface identical to theprofile of the desired shape of the cut to be produced in the workprotruding from said second groove, a longitudinally extending centralaperture in the second opposite end of said bit holder, a tool bithaving a cutting edge removably mounted in said central aperture andprotruding from same, means to longitudinally adjust the position ofsaid cutting bit in said bit holder, a spring loaded retracting meansfor said bit holder comprising, a closed end longitudinally extendingthird groove in the bit holder, spring means disposed in said thirdgroove, protrusion means on said intermediate portion abutting an end ofsaid spring means in said third groove to thereby secure said bit holderwithin said second bore, a camming plunger slidably disposed in saidfirst groove in said guide portions and said first bore in saidintermediate portion and extending through said first transverseaperture in said bit holder, a longitudinally extending fourth groovedisposed in said camming plunger and adapted to slidably receive saidcam means on said bit holder, a cam follower in said fourth grooveadapted to operatively engage the cam means, a locking means for saidcamming plunger in a depressed position, spring means in said first borefor urging said camming plunger outwardly in an extended position, saidapparatus combination when in use having said cylindrical guide portionengaged within said inner race of the bearing means mounted on said worksupport and with the lower end of said camming plunger engaging theupper radial face of said inner face allowing the body of the cuttingtool to be moved longitudinally as it is being rotated to therebycorrelate the transverse movement of the cutting bit with thelongitudinal movement of the tool body to thereby make the desiredinternal cut.

6. An apparatus combination for internal cutting comprising, a worksupport, a tool support, a means to rotate and longitudinally move saidwork support relative to said tool support, abutment means on said worksupport, and a cutting tool mounted on said tool support, comprising, abody, an enlarged intermediate portion on said body, a reduced guideportion on said body, a

first longitudinally extending bore in said intermediate portion, atransversely extending second bore in said intermediate portionpositioned so that its axis intersects the axis of said first bore, abit holder slidably disposed in said second bore, a transverse aperture:in said bit holder, said last-mentioned aperture communicating with saidfirst bore when said bit holder is in operative position within saidsecond bore, a cam means having a camming surface secured within saidtransverse aperture in said bit holder, a tool bit having a cutting edgemounted on said bit holder, a means for adjustably and releasablysecuring said tool bit to said bit holder, means for retaining andretracting said bit holder relative to said intermediate portion, acamming plunger slidably disposed in said first bore in saidintermediate portion and extending through said transverse aperture insaid bit holder, a cam follower means on said camming plunger adapted tooperatively engage said camming surface of said cam means, saidapparatus constructed and adapted when in use with said camming plungerengaging said follower means of said work support as the cutting tool isrotated and moved longitudinally relative to the work support, tocorrelate the transverse movement of said bit holder relative to saidbody of said tool with the longitudinal movement of said body, tothereby make the desired internal cut on work being worked upon.

7. A rotary cutting tool for internal cutting comprising, a body, afirst longitudinally extending bore in said body, a transverselyextending second bore in said body positioned so that its axisintersects the axis of said first bore, cutting means having a bit witha cutting edge and a shank slidably disposed in said second bore, atransverse aperture in said shank having an axis parallel to that ofsaid first bore, said last-named aperture communicating with said firstbore when said shank is in operative position within said second bore,said transverse aperture in said shank having an arcuate cammingsurface, a means for positionably adjusting said cutting means relativeto said body, a camming plunger slidably disposed in said first bore insaid body and extending through said transverse aperture in said shank,a cam follower means having an arcuate camming surface on said cammingplunger adapted to operatively engage said arcuate camming surface ofsaid transverse aperture in said shank, said cutting tool adapted tomake an internal cut.

8. An apparatus combination for internal cutting comprising, a worksupport, a tool support, a means to rotate and longitudinally move saidwork support relative to said tool support, and a cutting tool mountedon said tool support, comprising, a body, a first longitudinallyextending bore in said body, a transversely extending second bore insaid body positioned so that its axis intersects the axis of said bore,cutting means having a bit with a cutting edge and a shank slidablydisposed in said second bore, a transverse aperture in said shank havingan axis parallel to that of said first bore, said last-named aperturecommunicating with said first bore when said shank is in operativeposition within said second bore, said transverse aperture in said shankhaving an arcuate camming surface, means for positionably adjusting saidcutting means relative to said body, a camming plunger slidably disposedin said first bore in said body and extending through said transverseaperture in said shank, a cam follower means having an arcuate cammingsurface on said camming plunger adapted to operatively engage saidarcuate camming surface of said transverse aperture on said shank, saidapparatus combination in use construeted and adapted to rotate said toolrelative to work supported on said work support, with said cammingplunger in contact with said work support adjusting the radial positionof said cutting means in operative cooperation with said camming surfaceof said shank of said cutting means as the body of said tool is movedlongitudinally relative the work to produce an internal cut.

(References on following page) References Cited by the Examiner UNITEDSTATES PATENTS 1,230,034 6/1917 Rollings. 1,674,863 6/1928 Jennings.2,956,456 10/1960 Bisceglia et a1.

1 2 FOREIGN PATENTS 811,063 8/1951 Germany.

WILLIAM W. DYER, ]R., Primary Examiner' 5 DONALD R. SCI-IRAN, Examiner.

7. A ROTARY CUTTING TOOL FOR INTERNAL CUTTING COMPRISING, A BODY, AFIRST LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING BORE IN SAID BODY, A TRANSVERSELYEXTENDING SECOND BORE IN SAID BODY POSITIONED SO THAT ITS AXISINTERSECTS THE AXIS OF SAID FIRST BORE, CUTTING MEANS HAVING A BIT WITHA CUTTING EDGE AND A SHANK SLIDABLY DISPOSED IN SAID SECOND BORE, ATRANSVERSE APERTURE IN SAID SHANK HAVING AN AXIS PARALLEL TO THAT OFSAID FIRST BORE, SAID LAST-NAMED APERTURE COMMUNICATING WITH SAID FIRSTBORE WHEN SAID SHANK IS IN OPERATIVE POSITION WITHIN SAID SECOND BORE,SAID TRANSVERSE APERTURE IN SAID SHANK HAVING AN ARCUATE CAMMINGSURFACE, A MEANS FOR POSITIONABLY ADJUSTING SAID CUTTING